Intelligent Data Processing in Global Monitoring for Environment and Security 121 4 Intelligent Tools for Environment Monitoring: Features and Applications

Remote sensing for agricultural purposes has intensive development in Bulgaria and Ukraine during the last twenty years. The researches in this area are supported by Governments of both countries. The data of remote sensing can be used in the management only when they are combined with data from synchronous or quasi‐synchronous land surface agrophysical and microclimatic measurements and purposeful soil investigations. Bulgarian and Ukrainian teams have accumulated rich experience in this collaborative research on the last years. Development of agricultural investigations requires quantitative evaluation of the state of main energy budget elements of the soil‐plant‐surface air layer system on the field for successful management of soil fertility and soil pollution protection. Many of the processes are essential to soil and to nutrition movement and plant growth, such as exchange of heat, moisture and movement of contaminants depended significantly on the soil properties and canopy foliage [Nielsen et al, 1983], [Perry et al, 1988]. Application of electronic devices in field measurements has to be organized with the extreme care, because of their high cost and unique character. Emphasis is placed on the author's task, namely to carry out a characteristic evaluation of the "soil – plant – surface air layer" system's parameters are capable of being subject to electronic measurements, as well as, to propose structures for measurement systems. The measurements have to carry out in the representative places on the field. The team of the N. Poushkarov Institute organized mobile laboratories for field measurements, included portable devices for soilmoisture and temperature, pH and soil salinity, main elements of the microclimate on the field and microcomputer agrometeorological stations. The purposeful electronic measurements enable to create a database of the heat, water, and mechanical properties of the main Bulgarian soils and to well‐ground the main agroecological regions of Bulgaria. Scientists from V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of NAS of Ukraine developed family of portable devices "Floratest" and proper methods for express‐diagnostics of plant state. The devices serve as tool for surface validating remote satellite data about vegetation.